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Scavenging Microwave Wireless Power: A Unified Model, Rectenna Design Automation, and Cutting-Edge Techniques Review

Si-Ping Gao, Jun-Hui Ou, Xiuyin Zhang, Yongxin Guo

Engineering 2023, Volume 30, Issue 11,   Pages 32-48 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.05.019

Abstract: This article reviews the development of MWPT and MWEH receivers, with a focus on rectenna design automationradio frequency-to-direct current (dc) power conversion efficiency and, most importantly, enables an automatedsystem design.The automated rectenna design flow is sequential, with the minimal engagement of iterative optimizationdesign methodology.

Keywords： Microwave wireless power transfer     Microwave wireless energy harvesting     Unified Rectifier model     Automatedrectenna design     Emerging rectenna techniques    

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Automated synthesis of steady-state continuous processes using reinforcement learning

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2022, Volume 16, Issue 2,   Pages 288-302 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2055-9

Abstract: Automated flowsheet synthesis is an important field in computer-aided process engineering.The present work demonstrates how reinforcement learning can be used for automated flowsheet synthesiswithout any heuristics or prior knowledge of conceptual design.

Keywords： automated process synthesis     flowsheet synthesis     artificial intelligence     machine learning     reinforcement    

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Evaluation of computer vision techniques for automated hardhat detection in indoor construction safety

Bahaa Eddine MNEYMNEH, Mohamad ABBAS, Hiam KHOURY

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2018, Volume 5, Issue 2,   Pages 227-239 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2018071

Abstract: Construction is considered among the most dangerous industries and is responsible for a large portion of total worker fatalities. A construction worker has a probability of 1-in-200 of dying on the job during a 45-year career, mainly due to fires, falls, and being struck by or caught between objects. Hence, employers must ensure their workers wear personal protective equipment (PPE), in particular hardhats, if they are at risk of falling, being struck by falling objects, hitting their heads on static objects, or coming in proximity to electrical hazards. However, monitoring the presence and proper use of hardhats becomes inefficient when safety officers must survey large areas and a considerable number of workers. Using images captured from indoor jobsites, this paper evaluates existing computer vision techniques, namely object detection and color-based segmentation tools, used to rapidly detect if workers are wearing hardhats. Experiments are conducted and the results highlight the potential of cascade classifiers, in particular, to accurately, precisely, and rapidly detect hardhats under different scenarios and for repetitive runs, and the potential of color-based segmentation to eliminate false detections.

Keywords： construction     safety     personal protective equipment     hardhat     computer vision    

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hardening performance of three-dimensionally-printed geopolymer based on lunar regolith simulant for automated

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0003-0

Abstract: Using an in situ lunar regolith as a construction material in combination with 3D printing not only reduces the weight of materials carried from the Earth but also improves the automation of lunar infrastructure construction. This study aims to improve the printability of a geopolymer based on a BH-1 lunar regolith simulant, including the extrudability, open time, and buildability, by controlling the temperature and adding admixtures. Rheological parameters were used to represent printability with different water-to-binder ratios, printing temperatures, and contents of additives. The mechanical properties of the hardening geopolymer with different filling paths and loading directions were tested. The results show that heating the printed filaments with a water-to-binder ratio of 0.32 at 80 °C can adjust the printability without adding any additive, which can reduce the construction cost of lunar infrastructure. The printability of the BH-1 geopolymer can also be improved by adding 0.3% Attagel-50 and 0.5% polypropylene fiber by mass at a temperature of 20 °C to cope with the changeable environmental conditions on the Moon. After curing under a simulated lunar environment, the 72-h flexural and compressive strengths of the geopolymer specimens reach 4.1 and 48.1 MPa, respectively, which are promising considering that the acceleration of gravity on the Moon is 1/6 of that on the Earth.

Keywords： geopolymer     lunar regolith simulant     3D printing     rheology     printability    

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Automated classification of civil structure defects based on convolutional neural network

Pierclaudio SAVINO, Francesco TONDOLO

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021, Volume 15, Issue 2,   Pages 305-317 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0725-9

Abstract: Today, the most commonly used civil infrastructure inspection method is based on a visual assessment conducted by certified inspectors following prescribed protocols. However, the increase in aggressive environmental and load conditions, coupled with the achievement of many structures of the life-cycle end, has highlighted the need to automate damage identification and satisfy the number of structures that need to be inspected. To overcome this challenge, this paper presents a method for automating concrete damage classification using a deep convolutional neural network. The convolutional neural network was designed after an experimental investigation of a wide number of pretrained networks, applying the transfer-learning technique. Training and validation were conducted using a database built with 1352 images balanced between “undamaged”, “cracked”, and “delaminated” concrete surfaces. To increase the network robustness compared to images in real-world situations, different image configurations have been collected from the Internet and on-field bridge inspections. The GoogLeNet model, with the highest validation accuracy of approximately 94%, was selected as the most suitable network for concrete damage classification. The results confirm that the proposed model can correctly classify images from real concrete surfaces of bridges, tunnels, and pavement, resulting in an effective alternative to the current visual inspection techniques.

Keywords： concrete structure     infrastructures     visual inspection     convolutional neural network     artificial intelligence    

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Evaluation of automated in-line precision dairy farming technology implementation in three dairy farms

Maria CARIA, Giuseppe TODDE, Antonio PAZZONA

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2019, Volume 6, Issue 2,   Pages 181-187 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019252

Abstract: The automated in-parlour milk analysis and separation is mainly useful to produce low or high quality

Keywords： cheese yield     infrared analysis     milk quality     real-time measurement     sensor    

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Determination of selected semi-volatile organic compounds in water using automated online solid-phase

Yongtao LI, Christina L. MCCARTY, Ed J. GEORGE

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 417-425 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0310-x

Abstract: The method used an automated online solid-phase extraction technique coupled with programmed-temperatureThe water samples were extracted by using a fully automated mobile rack system based on x-y-z roboticAs a result, this new automated method can be used as an effective approach for screening and/or compliance

Keywords： automated solid-phase extraction     programmed-temperature vaporization     large-volume injection     gas chromatography    

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High Performance Electrically Small Huygens Rectennas Enable Wirelessly Powered Internet of Things Sensing Applications: A Review Review

Wei Lin, Richard W. Ziolkowski

Engineering 2022, Volume 11, Issue 4,   Pages 42-59 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.08.025

Abstract: This paper reviews various rectenna miniaturization techniques such as meandered planar inverted-F antennacircularly-polarized (HCP) rectennas; wirelessly powered IoT sensors based on these designs; and a dual-functional HLP rectennaFinally, two linear uniform HLP rectenna array systems are considered for significantly larger wireless

Keywords： Antenna     Array     Cardioid pattern     Electrically small antenna     Huygens dipole antenna     Internet of Things (IoT)     Rectenna    

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An automated arc spray tooling system for rapid die-making of large-sized automobile body panels

HE Zhong-yun, LU Bing-heng, WANG Yi-qing, HONG Jun, TANG Yi-ping

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2006, Volume 1, Issue 2,   Pages 209-214 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0012-4

Abstract: A creative robot wrist consisting of link mechanisms and a novel robot motion control method based on the cross-sectional vector contours of an STL-formatted model was proposed. By using the wrist and the control method, an industrial robot with five degrees of freedom for rapid tooling using metal arc spraying and electric brush plating techniques was developed. The wrist of the robot including a specially designed link mechanism can maintain the position of the spraying point on the surface of the master pattern whatever the orientation of the gun. Therefore, the kinematic nonlinear coupling between the position mechanism and orientation mechanism in a traditional robot can be avoided. The only input of the control system is the STL-formatted 3D CAD model of the pattern. Without the need of any manual programming, the metal arc spraying and brush plating (if necessary) processes can be performed automatically and efficiently after receiving the 3D CAD data of the pattern. Using this robot system in new car development and trial production, the cost and lead-time can be reduced substantially as compared with the conventional tool making method.

Keywords： industrial     position mechanism     orientation     surface     cross-sectional    

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Continuous dynamic monitoring of a centenary iron bridge for structural modification assessment

Carmelo GENTILE,Antonella SAISI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 1,   Pages 26-41 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0284-4

Abstract: A multi-channel continuous dynamic monitoring system has been installed in a centenary iron arch bridge on late November 2011. The historic infrastructure, completed in 1889 and crossing the Adda river about 50 km far from Milan, is the most important monument of XIX century iron architecture in Italy and is still used as roadway and railway bridge. The monitoring project follows a series of preliminary ambient vibration tests carried out on the bridge since June 2009. The paper describes the bridge structure and its dynamic characteristics identified from the experimental studies developed since 2009, the installed monitoring system and the software developed in LabVIEW for automatically processing the collected data. Subsequently, the tracking of automatically identified natural frequencies over a period of about 18 months is presented and discussed, highlighting the effects of environmental and operational conditions on the bridge dynamic characteristics as well as the detection of structural changes, mainly based on natural frequencies shifts.

Keywords： automated modal identification     continuous dynamic monitoring     environmental/operational effects     iron arch    

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Automated retrofit targeting of heat exchanger networks

Timothy G. Walmsley, Nathan S. Lal, Petar S. Varbanov, Jiří J. Klemeš

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 630-642 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1747-2

Abstract: aim of this paper is to develop a novel heat exchanger network (HEN) retrofit method based on a new automatedcombination with the Bridge Retrofit concepts to generate retrofit bridges option, from which a retrofit design

Keywords： process retrofit     pinch analysis     heat exchanger network     heat recovery    

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Design and experimental validation of event-triggered multi-vehicle cooperation in conflicting scenarios Research Article

Zhanyi HU, Yingjun QIAO, Xingyu LI, Jin HUANG, Yifan JIA, Zhihua ZHONG

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022, Volume 23, Issue 11,   Pages 1700-1713 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2100504

Abstract:

Platoon control is widely studied for coordinating (CAVs) on highways due to its potential for improving traffic throughput and road safety. Inspired by platoon control, the cooperation of multiple CAVs in can be greatly simplified by virtual platooning. Vehicle-to-vehicle communication is an essential ingredient in virtual platoon systems. Massive data transmission with limited communication resPreprintources incurs inevitable imperfections such as transmission delay and dropped packets. As a result, unnecessary transmission needs to be avoided to establish a reliable wireless network. To this end, an event-triggered robust control method is developed to reduce the use of communication resources while ensuring the stability of the virtual platoon system with time-varying uncertainty. The uniform boundedness, uniform ultimate boundedness, and string stability of the closed-loop system are analytically proved. As for the triggering condition, the uncertainty of the boundary information is considered, so that the threshold can be estimated more reasonably. Simulation and experimental results verify that the proposed method can greatly reduce data transmission while creating multi-vehicle cooperation. The threshold affects the tracking ability and communication burden, and hence an optimization framework for choosing the threshold is worth exploring in future research.

Keywords： Connected and automated vehicles     Event-triggered control     Nonlinear and uncertain dynamics     Conflicting    

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Fully automatic container terminals of Shanghai Yangshan Port phase IV

Jack Xunjie LUO

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2019, Volume 6, Issue 3,   Pages 457-462 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0053-0

Abstract:

Engineering Owner: Construction Headquarters of Yangshan Deep-water Port Phase IV Project of Shanghai International Shipping Center

Keywords： Yangshan Port     automated equipment     intelligent system     container terminals     port engineering    

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Large-Scale Vehicle Platooning: Advances and Challenges in Scheduling and Planning Techniques Review

Jing Hou, Guang Chen, Jin Huang, Yingjun Qiao, Lu Xiong, Fuxi Wen, Alois Knoll, Changjun Jiang

Engineering 2023, Volume 28, Issue 9,   Pages 26-48 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.01.012

Abstract:

Through vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, autonomizing a vehicle platoon can significantly reduce the distance between vehicles, thereby reducing air resistance and improving road traffic efficiency. The gradual maturation of platoon control technology is enabling vehicle platoons to achieve basic driving functions, thereby permitting large-scale vehicle platoon scheduling and planning, which is essential for industrialized platoon applications and generates significant economic benefits. Scheduling and planning are required in many aspects of vehicle platoon operation; here, we outline the advantages and challenges of a number of the most important applications, including platoon formation scheduling, lane-change planning, passing traffic light scheduling, and vehicle resource allocation. This paper's primary objective is to integrate current independent platoon scheduling and planning techniques into an integrated architecture to meet the demands of large-scale platoon applications. To this end, we first summarize the general techniques of vehicle platoon scheduling and planning, then list the primary scenarios for scheduling and planning technique application, and finally discuss current challenges and future development trends in platoon scheduling and planning. We hope that this paper can encourage related platoon researchers to conduct more systematic research and integrate multiple platoon scheduling and planning technologies and applications.

Keywords： Autonomous vehicle platoon     Autonomous driving     Connected and automated vehicles     Scheduling and planning    

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double-layered nonlinear model predictive control based control algorithm for local trajectory planning for automated Research Articles

Hong-chao Wang, Wei-wei Zhang, Xun-cheng Wu, Hao-tian Cao, Qiao-ming Gao, Su-yun Luo,17721336541@163.com,zwwsues@163.com,longxd2714@163.com,yjs_liqing@163.com,mosxsues@163.com,ly18362885604@163.com

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2020, Volume 21, Issue 7,   Pages 963-1118 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1900185

Abstract: We present a double-layered control algorithm to plan the local trajectory for s equipped with four hub motors. The main layer of the proposed control algorithm consists of a main layer (MLN-MPC) controller and a secondary layer nonlinear MPC (SLN-MPC) controller. The MLN-MPC controller is applied to plan a dynamically feasible trajectory, and the SLN-MPC controller is designed to limit the of wheels within a stable zone to avoid the tire excessively slipping during traction. Overall, this is a closed-loop control system. Under the off-line co-simulation environments of AMESim, Simulink, dSPACE, and TruckSim, a dynamically feasible trajectory with collision avoidance operation can be generated using the proposed method, and the longitudinal wheel slip can be constrained within a stable zone so that the driving safety of the truck can be ensured under uncertain road surface conditions. In addition, the stability and robustness of the method are verified by adding a driver model to evaluate the application in the real world. Furthermore, simulation results show that there is lower computational cost compared with the conventional PID-based control method.

Keywords： Automated truck     Trajectory planning     Nonlinear model predictive control     Longitudinal slip    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Scavenging Microwave Wireless Power: A Unified Model, Rectenna Design Automation, and Cutting-Edge Techniques

Si-Ping Gao, Jun-Hui Ou, Xiuyin Zhang, Yongxin Guo

Journal Article

Automated synthesis of steady-state continuous processes using reinforcement learning

Journal Article

Evaluation of computer vision techniques for automated hardhat detection in indoor construction safety

Bahaa Eddine MNEYMNEH, Mohamad ABBAS, Hiam KHOURY

Journal Article

hardening performance of three-dimensionally-printed geopolymer based on lunar regolith simulant for automated

Journal Article

Automated classification of civil structure defects based on convolutional neural network

Pierclaudio SAVINO, Francesco TONDOLO

Journal Article

Evaluation of automated in-line precision dairy farming technology implementation in three dairy farms

Maria CARIA, Giuseppe TODDE, Antonio PAZZONA

Journal Article

Determination of selected semi-volatile organic compounds in water using automated online solid-phase

Yongtao LI, Christina L. MCCARTY, Ed J. GEORGE

Journal Article

High Performance Electrically Small Huygens Rectennas Enable Wirelessly Powered Internet of Things Sensing Applications: A Review

Wei Lin, Richard W. Ziolkowski

Journal Article

An automated arc spray tooling system for rapid die-making of large-sized automobile body panels

HE Zhong-yun, LU Bing-heng, WANG Yi-qing, HONG Jun, TANG Yi-ping

Journal Article

Continuous dynamic monitoring of a centenary iron bridge for structural modification assessment

Carmelo GENTILE,Antonella SAISI

Journal Article

Automated retrofit targeting of heat exchanger networks

Timothy G. Walmsley, Nathan S. Lal, Petar S. Varbanov, Jiří J. Klemeš

Journal Article

Design and experimental validation of event-triggered multi-vehicle cooperation in conflicting scenarios

Zhanyi HU, Yingjun QIAO, Xingyu LI, Jin HUANG, Yifan JIA, Zhihua ZHONG

Journal Article

Fully automatic container terminals of Shanghai Yangshan Port phase IV

Jack Xunjie LUO

Journal Article

Large-Scale Vehicle Platooning: Advances and Challenges in Scheduling and Planning Techniques

Jing Hou, Guang Chen, Jin Huang, Yingjun Qiao, Lu Xiong, Fuxi Wen, Alois Knoll, Changjun Jiang

Journal Article

double-layered nonlinear model predictive control based control algorithm for local trajectory planning for automated

Hong-chao Wang, Wei-wei Zhang, Xun-cheng Wu, Hao-tian Cao, Qiao-ming Gao, Su-yun Luo,17721336541@163.com,zwwsues@163.com,longxd2714@163.com,yjs_liqing@163.com,mosxsues@163.com,ly18362885604@163.com

Journal Article